Social Preferences ? Google
نویسنده
چکیده
We analyse pricing, e¤ort and tipping decisions at the online service "Google Answers". Users set a price for the answer to their question ex ante, and they can additionally tip the researcher who provided the answer ex post. A positive wage-e¤ort relationship is frequently found in laboratory giftexchange games, yet eld evidence for reciprocity in two-stage settings is mixed. Our eld data con rms lab ndings for the three-stage design (wage, e¤ort, bonus). Tipping is motivated by reciprocity, but also by reputation concerns among frequent users. Moreover, researchers seem to adjust their e¤ort based on the users previous tipping behaviour. An e¢ cient sorting takes place when enough tip history is available. In addition, we analyse how tipping is adopted when the behavioural default is not to tip and estimate a minimum level for the fraction of genuine reciprocator types. 1 I am grateful to Maija Halonen-Akatwijuka and Sebastien Mitraille for valuable discussions and to seminar participants at the University of Bristol, the Royal Economic Society Annual Congress, the World Congress of the Econometric Society, the Max-Planck Institute Jena summer school, the Verein für Socialpolitik Congress and the esa congress in particular to David Winter, Jürgen Bracht, Osiris Parcero, Klaus Schmidt, Matthias Wibral, Astrid Matthey, Ondrej Rydval and Mitesh Kataria for their comments. 1 Jena Economic Research Papers 2009 035
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